CASE STUDY 3 : ELECTRICAL SAFETY

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

The Defective Insulation Hazard

INTRODUCTION

he purpose of this Electrical Safe Work Practice Training Program is to review basic properties of electricity and to provide guidance concerning proper personal protective equipment and techniques for working on electrical systems.

IMPROPER GROUNDING HAZARD

A damaged live power tool that is not grounded or double-insulated is very dangerous! When an electrical system is not grounded properly, a hazard exists. The most common OSHA electrical violation is improperly of equipment and circuitry.

IMPROPER GROUNDING

OVERLOADS HAZARD

Overloads in an electrical system are hazardous because they can produce heat or arcing. Wires and other components in an electrical system or circuit have a maximum amount of current they can carry safely. If too many devices are plugged into a circuit, the electrical current will heat the wires to a very high temperature. If any one tool uses too much current, the wires will heat up.

Overload plug in

Overload Plug in

WETS CONDITIONS HAZARD

Working in wet conditions is hazardous because you may become an easy path for electrical current. If you touch a live wire or other electrical component and you are well-grounded because you are standing in even a small puddle of water you will receive a shock.

Damaged insulation, equipment, or tools can expose you to live electrical parts. A damaged tool may not be grounded properly, so the housing of the tool may be energized, causing you to receive a shock. Improperly grounded metal switch plates and ceiling lights are especially hazardous in wet conditions. If you touch a live electrical component with an uninsulated hand tool, you are more likely to receive a shock when standing in water.

Wet Condition floor during wiring

Preventive Measures in Electrical Safety

PROTECTION FROM DIRECT CONTACT

A direct contact refers to a person coming into contact with a conductor which is live in normal circumstances 

IEC 61140 standard has renamed protection against direct contact” with the term “basic protection”

DIRECT CONTACT

PROTECTION FROM INDIRECT CONTACT

An indirect contact refers to a person coming into contact with an exposed-conductive-part which is not normally alive, but has become alive accidentally (due to insulation failure or some other cause).The fault current raise the exposed-conductive-part to a voltage liable to be hazardous which could be at the origin of a touch current through a person coming into contact with this exposed-conductive-part

IEC 61140 standard has renamed “protection against indirect contact” with the term “fault protection”.

INDIRECT CONTACT

TO CREATE SAFE  WORKING ENVIROMENT

LOCK OUT AND TAG OUT CIRCUIT AND EQUIPMENT

LOCK AND TAG OUT is a safety procedure which is used in industry and research settings to ensure that dangerous machines are properly shut off and not able to be started up again prior to the completion of maintenance or servicing work.

 It requires that hazardous energy sources be isolated and rendered inoperative before work is started on the equipment in question. The isolated power sources are then locked and a tag is placed on the lock identifying the worker who has placed it. 

The worker then holds the key for the lock ensuring that only he or she can remove the lock and start the machine. This prevents accidental startup of a machine while it is in a hazardous state or while a worker is in direct contact with it.

TAG OUT

OVERLOAD WIRING BY USING  THE RIGHT SIZE OF WIRE

Control Hazards of Flexible Wiring

Use flexible wiring properly

Electrical cords supplement fixed wiring by providing the flexibility required for maintenance, portability, isolation from vibration, and emergency and temporary power needs.

Flexible wire

Use The Right extension cord

The size of wire in an extension cord must be compatible with the amount of current the cord will be expected to carry.

The amount of current depends on the equipment plugged into the extension cord. 

Current ratings (how much current a device needs to operate) are often printed on the nameplate.

Extention cord

WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF WE NOT CONTROL ELECTRICAL SAFETY?

-It will cause of death during do the maintaince 

-The wire may peel of during cutting  and cause the electric shock 

- Shock circuit will happen

- Will make more cost to renew the wiring 

- Can damage the electrical equipment

- Can cause the explode to the disturbition box

- Can burn the house

CONCLUSION

The control of electrical hazards is an important part of every safety and health program. The measures suggested in this booklet should be of help in establishing such a program of control. 

The responsibility for this program should be delegated to individuals who have a complete knowledge of electricity, electrical work practices, and the appropriate OSHA standards for installation and performance.

Everyone has the right to work in a safe environment. Through cooperative efforts, employers and employees can learn to identify and eliminate or control electrical hazards.